![]() Essential constraints however, such as electron cohesion and stability, could not be satisfied: new putative forces, denoted Poincaré stresses, were suggested to maintain the cohesion of the negatively charged electron. ![]() Spherical models soon evolved into the so-called ring models of Parson, Webster, Allen, and Compton, constituted of rotating infinitesimal charges and verifying the properties of classical magnetic moment and Compton scattering. Early attempts included the spherical models of Abraham and Lorentz, which led to theories of electromagnetic mass. Hence, modern physics has identified with unprecedented precision the interactions and their underlying principles, has successfully described its environment, spacetime, but still lacks a characterization of the nature of its “objects,” the particles themselves.Ĭonsequently, several kinds of electron models have been proposed: extended models, point-like models, and mixed models in which a point-like corpuscle follows an extended trajectory. Only the movement of elements localized in space, in the course of time, has physical reality”. For de Broglie however, “abstract presentations have no physical reality. Elaborating on Bohr's interpretation of Quantum Mechanics, Heisenberg concluded that particles could neither be represented nor even apprehended by the human mind, and that only their abstract mathematical description existed. Finally, wave-corpuscle duality and the relation to quantum mechanics are discussed in the light of our electron model.ĭepending on the experiment, the most emblematic subatomic particle, the electron, has been found to interact as a point-like corpuscle in scattering experiments, or to behave as an extensible wave. Our study illustrates the possibility of constructing causal and objectively realist models of particles beneath the Compton scale. Remarkably, the stability condition allows predicting electron mass, regarded as being a manifestation of its total (kinetic and potential) electromagnetic cohesion energy, and muon mass, directly from the substructure. ![]() We show that the model can provide interpretations of fundamental constants, satisfy the Virial theorem, and exhibit cohesion and stability without invoking Poincaré stresses. Essentially intertwined positively and negatively charged subparticles revolve at light velocity in coplanar circular orbits, forming some coherent “ envelope” and “ nucleus”, possibly responsible for its wavelike and corpuscular behaviors, respectively. ![]() Here we present a relativistic electrodynamical model of the electron at rest, founded on natural interpretations of observables. Previous models of the electron have not specified its substance nor justified its cohesion. Modern physics has characterized spacetime, the interactions between particles, but not the nature of the particles themselves.
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